Mountain Lion Hunting in Washington: Tactics and Tips
Introduction to Big Cats
Big cats, including mountain lions, are a fascinating group of animals that belong to the cat family. Known scientifically as Puma concolor, these majestic creatures are also referred to as cougars, pumas, or simply mountain lions. Renowned for their sleek and powerful bodies, mountain lions possess an extraordinary ability to jump long distances, making them formidable hunters.
Mountain lions are solitary and secretive animals, rarely seen in the wild. They inhabit a variety of environments, from rugged mountains and dense forests to arid deserts. As apex predators, they play a crucial role in maintaining the balance of their ecosystems. Their diet primarily consists of deer, elk, and other small mammals, which they hunt using a combination of stealth, strength, and strategy.
One of the most impressive traits of mountain lions is their jumping ability, which allows them to cover great distances and catch their prey off guard. Despite their size and power, these big cats are generally shy and avoid confrontations with humans. However, they will defend themselves if cornered or threatened.
Mountain lions are an integral part of their ecosystems, and their loss could have significant impacts on the environment and other species. Conservation efforts are essential to protect mountain lion populations and their habitats, ensuring the long-term survival of these magnificent animals. By understanding and respecting these creatures, hunters and wildlife enthusiasts alike can contribute to their preservation.
Understanding Washington’s Lion Country
Washington is a state of sharp contrasts, with thick rainforest in the west, rugged mountains through the Cascades, and dry, open hills in the east. Mountain lions roam all these areas, but hunting them successfully means narrowing your focus to where prey is most abundant and terrain gives lions an edge. Deer, calf elk, and elk populations dictate lion movement, especially in the eastern parts of the state where agriculture meets timber. The edges of clearcuts, canyon rims, and ridgelines with game trails are all promising spots. In western Washington, the density of cover can make tracking tough, but lions still use logging roads, creek bottoms, and natural funnels to travel. Whether you’re glassing from a ridge or following tracks in the snow, understanding how lions use the land is key.
Mountain lions are also hunted, and understanding their habits and patterns is crucial for successful and safe hunting.
In Washington, open season regulations for mountain lion hunting are implemented to manage their population and ensure sustainable practices.
Mule deer are a preferred prey species for mountain lions, and their presence can significantly influence lion activity in a given area.
Suitable habitat is essential for mountain lions in Washington, as it must meet specific conditions for their survival and reproductive success.
Getting Started with Dogs
Using dogs to hunt mountain lions is legal in Washington but highly regulated. Most lion hunters use hounds to find and tree their quarry, as lions are rarely seen in the open. A good pack is built for scent trailing, stamina, and working together across challenging ground. Breeds like Blueticks, Walkers, and Redbones are favored, and they must be trained to handle wet conditions, steep elevation, and thick brush. Most hunters start by working alongside experienced houndsmen. Pups are introduced to lion scent gradually, and training often involves running drags or mock trails before moving up to real hunts. In Washington, lion hunting with hounds typically takes place during specific seasons or under permit-only circumstances, so planning ahead is necessary.
Calling techniques are also employed in hunting mountain lions, emphasizing the importance of understanding animal behavior and selecting appropriate equipment for effective lion calling during hunts.
Hunters often use mouth calls made of both metal and plastic reeds, with a preference for plastic due to its effectiveness in cold weather and versatility. This method is practical and advantageous in various hunting scenarios.
Distress calls can be particularly effective in attracting mountain lions, especially when combined with other vocalizations during specific times in the lion's reproductive cycle.
Spotting Sign and Starting the Chase
Good lion hunting starts with good sign. In snowy months, especially with fresh snow, tracks can be picked up along logging roads or on south-facing slopes where deer gather. A lion track will be rounded with no claw marks, and the stride will be smooth and purposeful. In dry or rainy conditions, finding a track takes a trained eye. Look for scratch posts, scat, or areas where prey remains have been cached. Once sign is found, dogs are turned loose. The excitement builds as the pack picks up the trail, barking more urgently as the scent gets fresher. Lions may tree quickly or run for miles before stopping, often heading into the steepest, roughest country. Mountain lions can run up to 50 mph for a short distance, allowing them to swiftly close the gap between themselves and their prey. Staying close behind the dogs and reading their barks helps determine when it’s time to move in for a shot.
Identifying mountain lion tracks is crucial. Look for the distinct features such as the 3 lobes at the back of the rear pad. Monitoring animal behavior and terrain can also help identify potential hunting locations.
What Gear Works in Washington’s Backcountry
Rain, snow, and steep terrain are all part of hunting lions in Washington. Waterproof boots, wool socks, and breathable layers are a must. Carrying a waterproof shell and thermal gloves helps handle changing conditions. A backpack should hold food, water, GPS with dog-tracking collars, spare batteries, and a small first-aid kit. In the wetter regions, keeping gear dry is a challenge, so dry bags or pack liners come in handy. Most hunters carry a lightweight rifle like a .243 or similar for taking clean shots at treed lions. However, in areas where bears are present, choosing a suitable caliber, such as a .25-06, is crucial for safety and effectiveness. Dogs also need protective gear, especially in rocky or brush-filled terrain. Collars, boots, and even chest protectors are used by some houndsmen to prevent injury.
Using various calls is essential for attracting mountain lions. Digital calls and preferred mouth calls are versatile and effective in different hunting situations. Plastic-reed calls, in particular, perform well in varying weather conditions, making them a popular choice among hunters.
Hunting Legally and Responsibly
Washington’s lion regulations are strict, and it’s important to understand them before heading out. Hound hunting is typically allowed only by permit or during specified periods, and there are limits on harvest numbers in different units. Hunters must report their harvests and bring in the animal for inspection. Tagging requirements, legal shooting hours, and weapon restrictions vary, so always check with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife for the most current rules. Monitoring cougar sightings is crucial for wildlife management, as it helps in regulating hunting licenses and ensuring sustainable populations.
Beyond legality, ethical hunting means respecting the animal and the environment. Ensuring a quick, humane shot, using the meat or hide respectfully, and avoiding unnecessary stress on dogs all show respect for the sport. Ethical hunters also consider the impact of their actions on the ecosystem, including the frequency and types of kills they make. Lion hunting isn’t about numbers—it’s about the challenge and the experience.
Post-Hunt Procedures
After a successful mountain lion hunt, following proper post-hunt procedures is essential to ensure the meat is handled and stored safely. The first step is to field-dress the animal immediately, removing the hide and organs and storing them separately. This helps to cool the meat quickly and prevent spoilage.
Mountain lion meat is lean and can be prepared in various ways, including grilling, roasting, and sautéing. It’s crucial to handle the meat safely and cook it to the recommended internal temperature to prevent foodborne illness. The hide and organs can also be utilized for taxidermy or crafting, adding value to the hunt.
Hunters must adhere to local regulations and guidelines for handling and storing mountain lion meat and hides. Wildlife agencies regulate mountain lion hunting to ensure the sustainability of the population, and hunters play a vital role in this effort by following ethical practices.
Proper post-hunt procedures are not just about safety and legality; they also contribute to the long-term sustainability of mountain lion populations and the environment. By being knowledgeable and responsible, hunters can help preserve these incredible animals for future generations.
Going Solo or with a Pro
Many Washington lion hunters start with a guide or an experienced houndsman. These folks know the land, understand how lions behave in different parts of the state, and have dogs ready to work. For hunters looking to develop their own packs, it’s wise to learn the ropes first. Hunting solo takes knowledge of dog handling, tracking, and backcountry survival. It also requires serious time investment and dedication. Adult cougars are solitary and territorial, with specific dietary habits that hunters need to understand to be successful.
Understanding the importance of territory in mountain lion behavior is crucial. Males require larger territories compared to females and actively patrol these spaces to ensure dominance and reproductive success. This territorial behavior is especially significant during mating season, where conflicts with other males can occur. Whether hiring a guide or going alone, mountain lion hunting in Washington takes effort, planning, and a deep respect for the animal.
It’s one of the most physically demanding hunts in the state but also one of the most rewarding. Male cougars typically patrol their territories alone, and interactions with other males are a significant factor in their survival and territorial claims.
Conclusion
Hunting mountain lions in Washington combines the challenge of rugged terrain, unpredictable weather, and the elusive nature of the animal itself. The Cascade Mountains are a crucial habitat for mountain lions, emphasizing their adaptability to diverse ecosystems found in this region. It’s a pursuit that rewards patience, preparation, and a strong bond between hunter and hound. Whether you’re hunting the timbered slopes of the Cascades or the sage-covered ridges of eastern Washington, each experience brings new lessons and stories. The sound of a hound trailing, the stillness of a lion treed high in a fir, and the quiet satisfaction of a well-run hunt are what keep folks coming back. It’s not just about the cat—it’s about being part of the land, part of the tradition, and part of a hunt that demands your best.
Mountain lions coexist with other predators such as wolves, coyotes, and jaguars, highlighting the intricate balance of the ecosystem. This interaction emphasizes the ecological balance and the importance of understanding how these predators operate alongside each other in the wild.
FAQs
Is it legal to hunt mountain lions with dogs in Washington?
Yes, but only during specific seasons or under permit. Regulations vary by unit and year, so check with the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife before planning a hunt.
What gear is essential for mountain lion hunting in Washington?
Waterproof clothing, layered gear, GPS with dog tracking, a lightweight rifle, and dog care supplies are all important for staying safe and successful.
Where are the best places to hunt lions in Washington?
Mountain lions are found across the state, but good areas include the eastern hills, the eastern slopes of the Cascades, and large timber tracts with good prey populations.
Can non-residents hunt mountain lions in Washington?
Yes, but non-residents must follow all licensing and permit rules, including special conditions for hunting with dogs.
Do I need to use dogs to hunt mountain lions in Washington?
While it is possible to spot and stalk in snowy conditions, most successful hunts involve hounds trained to track and tree lions.