After Dark on the Hunt
Night predator hunting comes with its own set of challenges, from visibility and movement to gear selection, particularly the right firearm. One key decision is what gauge shotgun to bring when targeting animals like coyotes, foxes, and raccoons after sundown. At night, engagements are usually close and fast, so choosing a gauge that offers dense patterns and manageable recoil is crucial for clean, ethical shots, especially when multiple coyotes come in at once, increasing the chances of hitting the second dog quickly after taking down the first one.
The Reliability of the 12 Gauge
The 12 gauge remains the top choice for night predator hunters. Many hunters have shared stories of how they have killed numerous coyotes using the 12 gauge, illustrating its effectiveness in the field. It provides the perfect combination of power, pattern density, and range. With the right load—typically buckshot or specialized predator loads—the 12 gauge can reliably take down coyotes and foxes within forty yards. It’s effective in fields, brush lines, and tight wooded areas alike. Pairing it with a tight choke helps hold patterns together under low light, making each shot count when visibility is limited and reaction time is short.
Versatility of the 20 Gauge
For hunters who prefer something lighter, the 20 gauge offers a viable alternative. Many hunters have successfully hunted coyotes and other predators with the 20 gauge, finding it to be a reliable and versatile option. It’s easier to carry on long walks and produces less recoil, which can be an advantage when taking multiple shots in a single night. While the 20 gauge doesn’t pack the same punch as the 12, it’s still effective on smaller predators like foxes and raccoons. With modern high-performance loads and tighter chokes, it can also bring down coyotes at moderate ranges.
When to Consider the 10 Gauge
For those who expect longer shots or are hunting in more open country, the 10 gauge might be worth considering. Some hunters who initially used a deer rifle for long-range shots have found the 10 gauge to be more effective in open country for its dense patterns and extended reach. Its heavy payload can throw dense patterns out to longer distances, giving hunters an edge when the shot window is limited. However, it’s heavier to carry, kicks harder, and may be overkill for smaller predators. Most hunters only use a 10 gauge when targeting coyotes in wide-open fields where distance matters more than maneuverability.
Choke and Load Considerations
Shotgun performance and shooting effectiveness hinge heavily on the choke and load combination. For night predator hunting, full or modified chokes help tighten the spread and increase effective range. Buckshot—especially No. 4 or No. 00—is a common choice for coyotes, while smaller shot sizes can be used for foxes and raccoons. Patterning your shotgun in low light conditions helps you understand how your gun performs when it counts.
Optics and Accessories
Most night predator hunters use shotguns equipped with lights or night vision to illuminate targets. Putting on the right accessories, like scopes or mounts, can significantly enhance your night hunting experience. Controlling the spotlight’s beam is crucial to avoid spooking predators and effectively track their movements at night. The added gear can change the balance of the shotgun, so choosing a gauge that feels comfortable with accessories attached is important. A lightweight 20 gauge may be easier to manage with a light mounted on the barrel, while a 12 gauge offers more flexibility in ammo and choke combinations to suit different environments.
Choosing for the Situation
Understanding the land and its layout is crucial when choosing the right gauge for hunting. Gauge selection should match your hunting environment and target species. In tight woods with expected close shots, a 20 gauge may be more than enough. In open fields where coyotes may hang up at thirty yards or more, a 12 gauge shines. If you’re running and gunning with lots of ground to cover, a lighter gun might be preferable. The key is balancing firepower with comfort and maneuverability in the dark, and sometimes making a bit of adjustment to your gear can make all the difference.
Conclusion
The best shotgun gauge for night predator hunting depends on your setup and expectations. The 12 gauge is a top-tier choice for its versatility and power, while the 20 gauge offers lighter handling for smaller game and shorter ranges. For those needing extended reach, the 10 gauge has a place in the predator hunter’s arsenal. With the right choke, load, and optics, any of these gauges can be effective tools for after-dark predator control.
FAQs
What is the best gauge for hunting coyotes at night?
The 12 gauge is widely considered the best option for its power and pattern density. Many hunters recall their excitement and challenges when they encountered their first coyote, often finding the 12 gauge to be the most reliable choice. It performs well in a variety of settings with proper loads, making it highly effective in achieving a successful kill when hunting coyotes at night.
Is a 20 gauge effective for night predator hunting?
Yes, especially for foxes, raccoons, and close-range coyotes. Many hunters are left wondering if the 20 gauge can handle larger predators, but with the right loads, it proves to be quite effective. It’s lighter, easier to handle, and generally effective with the right loads and choke.
When should I use a 10 gauge for predator hunting?
The 10 gauge is best in open areas where longer shots are expected. Hunters who have carried a deer rifle in the past often find the 10 gauge to be a more effective option for long-range shots. It offers more range but is heavier and has more recoil. When using a 10 gauge, anticipate encountering a pair of coyotes, as these areas often present dual opportunities.
What loads are best for night predator hunting?
No. 4 or No. 00 buckshot is effective for coyotes. When hunting at night, it is crucial to catch the predator's eyes with a spotlight, as this technique can significantly enhance your success. For smaller predators, lighter shot like BB or No. 2 may be more appropriate.
Do I need a special choke for night hunting?
A full or modified choke helps keep your pattern tight and consistent. For night hunting, the Carlson Dead Coyote Choke is particularly effective. Always test your choke and load combination before hunting.