Southwest Birds: Hunting Opportunities in New Mexico

New Mexico Upland Birds

New Mexico’s diverse landscapes, from its sprawling deserts to its high mountain forests, offer excellent upland bird and big game hunting opportunities. The Land of Enchantment is home to a variety of upland bird species, including scaled quail, Gambel’s quail, Montezuma quail, and mourning doves. With abundant public lands and unique terrain, New Mexico provides a one-of-a-kind hunting experience that challenges and rewards upland bird enthusiasts.

This guide explores the best hunting locations, species, and strategies for making the most of your upland bird hunting adventure in New Mexico.

Overview of New Mexico Bird Hunting

New Mexico offers a diverse range of bird hunting opportunities, making it a prime destination for avid hunters. The state is home to four species of quail: scaled quail, Gambel’s quail, Montezuma quail, and the elusive Mearns quail. Each species presents its own unique challenges and rewards, ensuring that every hunt is a new adventure. Beyond quail, New Mexico also boasts hunting opportunities for wild turkeys, upland birds, and even waterfowl. The state’s varied landscapes, from arid deserts to lush mountain forests, provide a dynamic and exciting backdrop for bird hunting. Whether you’re navigating the rugged terrain in search of Montezuma quail or scanning the skies for wild turkeys, New Mexico’s hunting opportunities are as diverse as its scenery.

Best Upland Bird Hunting Locations in New Mexico

New Mexico’s wide-open spaces and public access lands provide excellent opportunities for upland bird hunting. Here are some of the best regions to consider:

• Southeastern New Mexico: Known for its arid grasslands, this area is a hotspot for scaled quail. Look for birds near brushy cover, water sources, and agricultural fields.

• Southern New Mexico: The Chihuahuan Desert is home to Gambel’s quail, thriving in the desert scrub and washes of this region.

• Southwestern Mountains: Montezuma quail can be found in the oak-pine woodlands of the Gila National Forest and nearby mountain ranges.

• Eastern Plains: These rolling grasslands and agricultural areas attract mourning doves, offering great opportunities for early-season hunts.

• State Game Units and BLM Lands: New Mexico’s extensive public lands, including Bureau of Land Management (BLM) areas and state game units, provide ample access to upland bird habitats.

These regions are also known for their populations of wild quail.

New Mexico’s varied habitats ensure a range of hunting experiences, catering to both seasoned and novice hunters.

Upland Bird Species in New Mexico

New Mexico offers a diverse array of upland bird species, each providing unique challenges and rewards:

• Scaled Quail: Also known as “blue quail,” these birds inhabit arid grasslands and desert scrub. They are known for their fast, running habits, making them a challenging target.

• Gambel’s Quail: Found in southern and southwestern New Mexico, these birds thrive in desert washes, mesquite thickets, and cactus-covered landscapes.

• Montezuma Quail: Native to high-elevation oak-pine woodlands, these birds are elusive and known for their striking plumage.

• Mourning Doves: Common across New Mexico, doves are abundant near agricultural fields, waterholes, and open grasslands.

Understanding the behaviors and habitats of these species will help you plan a more effective hunt.

Best Times for Upland Bird Hunting in New Mexico

Upland bird hunting seasons in New Mexico are managed by the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish (NMDGF) and vary by species. Here’s an overview:

• Scaled and Gambel’s Quail Season: Typically runs from mid-November through mid-February, with prime hunting conditions in the cooler months.

• Montezuma Quail Season: Usually spans late November through mid-February, with the best opportunities in early winter when birds are more active.

• Mourning Dove Season: Divided into two segments, the first opens in early September and runs through mid-October, while the second occurs in late December through early January.

Always check the NMDGF website for current regulations, season dates, and bag limits before heading out.

In addition to upland bird hunting, New Mexico offers diverse big game hunting opportunities. The hunting seasons for black bear and mountain lion are particularly notable. Black bear season typically occurs in the fall, aligning with the state's rich hunting traditions and culinary practices, such as making homemade sausage. Mountain lion hunting, which requires specific licenses and permits, is available throughout various times of the year, taking advantage of New Mexico's varied terrain and contributing to a rich hunting experience.

Essential Gear for Upland Bird Hunting in New Mexico

Having the right gear is essential for a successful hunt in New Mexico’s often rugged and arid environments. Here’s what you’ll need:

• Shotgun and Ammunition: A 20-gauge or 12-gauge shotgun with an improved cylinder or modified choke is ideal for upland birds. Use light loads for doves and heavier loads for quail.

• Upland Hunting Vest: A vest with ample pockets for shells, water, and game ensures you stay organized in the field.

• Durable Boots: Comfortable, waterproof, and snake-resistant boots are essential for navigating New Mexico’s rocky terrain and desert landscapes.

• Field Clothing: Lightweight, breathable clothing is necessary for warm days, with layered options for cooler mornings. Blaze orange is recommended for safety.

• Eye and Ear Protection: Safety glasses and hearing protection are important for any hunt.

• Dog Supplies: If hunting with a dog, bring water, a leash, and a first aid kit for your canine companion.

• Hunting License and Permits: Ensure you have a valid New Mexico hunting license and any required upland bird permits or stamps.

Proper preparation ensures comfort and efficiency in New Mexico’s diverse terrain.

Preparing for Your Hunt

Before embarking on your bird hunting adventure in New Mexico, proper preparation is key. Start by obtaining the necessary hunting license and permits, which are required for all hunters. Familiarize yourself with the state’s hunting regulations to ensure a legal and ethical hunt. Equipping yourself with the right gear is also crucial. A reliable shotgun and appropriate ammunition are essential, along with suitable clothing to match the often unpredictable weather conditions. Lightweight, breathable attire is ideal for warmer days, while layered clothing can help you stay comfortable during cooler mornings. Additionally, consider the time of year and specific weather forecasts, as these factors can significantly impact your hunting success. By preparing thoroughly, you’ll be ready to tackle New Mexico’s diverse hunting environments with confidence.

Strategies for Successful Upland Bird Hunting in New Mexico

Employing effective strategies tailored to New Mexico’s upland bird species and environments will improve your success. Here are some tips:

New Mexico also offers hunting opportunities for Barbary sheep, highlighting their availability through various licensing options.

Scouting

• Identify Key Habitats: Look for scaled quail in grasslands and brushy areas, Gambel’s quail in desert washes, and Montezuma quail in high-elevation woodlands.

• Observe Bird Sign: Tracks, droppings, and dusting areas are clear indicators of bird activity.

• Use Maps and Apps: Leverage digital tools to locate public lands and promising hunting areas.

Hunting Techniques

• Work with Dogs: A well-trained pointing or flushing dog can help locate and retrieve birds, especially in dense or remote habitats.

• Cover Ground: New Mexico’s upland birds often require hunters to walk long distances. Be prepared to traverse diverse terrain.

• Be Patient: Montezuma quail are especially elusive and may require slow, deliberate movements to locate.

Timing

• Early Morning and Late Afternoon: Birds are most active during these times, particularly in cooler weather.

• Seasonal Adjustments: As temperatures drop later in the season, quail and doves may concentrate closer to food and water sources.

Navigating New Mexico’s Hunting Regulations

Adhering to New Mexico’s hunting regulations ensures a legal and ethical hunt. Key points include:

• Licenses and Permits: Hunters must have a valid New Mexico hunting license and, for species like mourning doves, a federal migratory bird stamp.

• Bag Limits: Limits vary by species, so always review the current regulations.

• Hunting Hours: Upland bird hunting is typically allowed from sunrise to sunset, but confirm specific hours for the species you’re targeting.

• Public Land Rules: Some areas may have additional restrictions or require check-in, so verify the rules for the lands you plan to hunt.

Consult the NMDGF website for updates and zone-specific requirements.

Planning Your Bird Hunting Trip

When planning your bird hunting trip to New Mexico, a little research and preparation can go a long way. Start by identifying the best locations for the species you wish to hunt. For instance, the Sangre de Cristo Mountains are renowned for mule deer, while the desert regions are prime spots for scaled quail. Timing is also crucial; plan your trip during the peak hunting season, which typically runs from September to February, to maximize your chances of success. Consider hiring a guide or joining a hunting party, especially if you’re new to the area or the sport. This can provide valuable local knowledge and increase your odds of a fruitful hunt. Always adhere to safety guidelines, including wearing blaze orange to ensure visibility. Respect private property and be prepared for New Mexico’s variable weather conditions, which can range from extreme heat to sudden cold snaps. With careful planning, your bird hunting trip in New Mexico can be both successful and memorable.

Additional Resources for Bird Hunters

For more information on bird hunting in New Mexico, several resources can provide valuable guidance and support. The New Mexico Department of Game and Fish website (www.wildlife.state.nm.us) is an excellent starting point, offering comprehensive information on hunting regulations, licenses, and permits. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service website (www.fws.gov) provides details on migratory bird hunting regulations and conservation efforts, ensuring you stay informed about legal and ethical hunting practices. The New Mexico Council of Outfitters and Guides (nmoutfitters.com) offers a directory of experienced guides and outfitters who can help plan and execute your hunting trip. Additionally, the Project Upland website (projectupland.com) features a wealth of tips and advice on upland bird hunting, including articles on hunting techniques and gear reviews. Utilizing these resources can enhance your hunting experience and help you make the most of New Mexico’s rich bird hunting opportunities.

Conclusion

New Mexico’s diverse landscapes and upland bird species create an unforgettable hunting experience in the Southwest. From the fast-running scaled quail of the desert to the elusive Montezuma quail in the high mountains, the state offers challenges and rewards for hunters of all levels. With proper preparation, effective strategies, and respect for regulations, your upland bird hunting adventure in New Mexico will be both successful and memorable.

FAQs

What are the best locations for upland bird hunting in New Mexico?

Top areas include southeastern New Mexico for scaled quail, southern deserts for Gambel’s quail, southwestern mountains for Montezuma quail, and eastern plains for mourning doves.

What species of upland birds can I hunt in New Mexico?

The primary species are scaled quail, Gambel’s quail, Montezuma quail, and mourning doves.

When is the best time for upland bird hunting in New Mexico?

Mid-November through mid-February is ideal for quail, while early September through mid-October is best for mourning doves.

What gear is essential for upland bird hunting in New Mexico?

Key gear includes a shotgun, upland hunting vest, snake-resistant boots, lightweight clothing, and a valid New Mexico hunting license.

Are there specific regulations for upland bird hunting in New Mexico?

Yes, hunters must have appropriate licenses and permits, follow bag limits, and adhere to public land rules. Always check current regulations before hunting.