Introduction to Squirrel Hunting
Squirrel hunting is a fun and accessible activity for hunters of all ages and skill levels. Whether you’re a seasoned hunter or just starting out, the thrill of tracking fox squirrels and gray squirrels through Pennsylvania’s diverse landscapes is hard to beat. Squirrel populations are strong in most areas, with gray squirrels being the most abundant game species in many regions. This makes squirrel hunting an excellent way to introduce youngsters to the sport, and many states, including Pennsylvania, offer mentored youth hunting programs to support this.
When it comes to finding the best hunting areas, look no further than woodlots, deep woods areas, and agricultural areas with standing cornfields. These habitats provide ample food and cover for squirrels, making them prime spots for a successful hunt. As always, squirrel hunters should wear fluorescent orange clothing to ensure safety and comply with local regulations. So grab your gear, head to the woods, and enjoy the excitement and tradition of squirrel hunting.
Appalachian Hardwoods and Classic Small Game
Pennsylvania’s vast forests, rolling ridges, and rich mast-producing woodlands make it a top destination for squirrel hunting. The ongoing fox squirrel range expansion and recovery due to decreased hunting pressure and improved habitat maturation provide better hunting opportunities for enthusiasts. With strong populations of gray squirrels and fox squirrels, abundant public land, and a rich hunting heritage, Pennsylvania offers a traditional and rewarding small game experience. Understanding local populations is crucial for successful hunting, as habitat conditions and food supply directly impact squirrel survival.
Squirrel Species in Pennsylvania
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Gray Squirrel: Widespread across the state, especially in mature hardwood forests with abundant mast.
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Fox Squirrel: Found mainly in western and southern Pennsylvania, preferring more open woodlots and farmland edges.
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Red Squirrel: A distinct species that does not interbreed with gray and fox squirrels, known for their unique characteristics and preference for coniferous forests.
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Black Phase Gray Squirrel: A specific color variation of gray squirrels found primarily in the northern regions of Pennsylvania, popular among hunters seeking a unique experience.
Season Dates and Licensing
Squirrel hunting season in Pennsylvania typically opens in mid-September, closes briefly during peak deer seasons, and then reopens into February. Hunters must possess a valid Pennsylvania hunting license and a free migratory bird license if hunting during overlapping seasons. Always check Pennsylvania Game Commission regulations for current season dates and bag limits.
Best Areas for Squirrel Hunting
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State Game Lands: Spread across the state, offering tens of thousands of acres of public access.
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State Forests: Big woods settings like Susquehannock, Rothrock, and Tiadaghton State Forests provide excellent hunting. Small woodlots are ideal habitats for fox squirrels.
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Allegheny National Forest: A massive tract in northwestern Pennsylvania with prime squirrel habitat.
Focus on oak, hickory, walnut, and beech stands where mast crops attract heavy squirrel feeding. Oaks, particularly mast-producing trees like pin oaks, are crucial food sources for squirrels, especially during winter.
Best Time of Day to Hunt Squirrels
Early mornings and late afternoons are prime times for squirrel movement. On cooler days, squirrels often feed later into the early morning and return again in the evening.
Tactics for Success
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Still-Hunting: Slowly and quietly ease through hardwood ridges and mast flats, pausing often to spot movement.
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Sit-and-Wait: Set up near productive nut-bearing trees and listen for squirrels cutting nuts or moving through the treetops. Recognizing the bark of trees where squirrels are likely to be found can also be beneficial.
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Spot-and-Stalk: Glass treetops in clearings and ridge edges to locate feeding squirrels before making a careful approach. Using a squirrel call to imitate a squirrel's bark or distress sounds can help attract and locate squirrels.
Freshly fallen nut husks and scratchings under trees are good signs of squirrel activity.
Woodlot Hunting
Woodlots are ideal hunting areas for fox squirrels, thanks to their small size and abundant food sources. These areas often feature a mix of mast-producing trees like oak and hickory, which are magnets for hungry squirrels. Gray squirrels can also be found in woodlots, especially those with large trees and standing cornfields nearby, providing a rich and varied diet.
When hunting in woodlots, look for areas with dense underbrush and thick canopy cover, as these provide excellent habitat for squirrels. Patience and stealth are key, as squirrels can be easily spooked by noise and movement. Take your time, move quietly, and keep an eye out for signs of squirrel activity, such as chewed nut shells and nests high in the trees. With the right approach, woodlot hunting can be a rewarding and productive experience.
Scouting and Preparation
Scouting for squirrels before the hunt can significantly increase your chances of success. Look for signs of squirrel activity, such as cuttings, nests, and tracks on the forest floor. These indicators can help you identify areas with high squirrel activity and plan your hunt accordingly.
Preparation is also crucial. Bring necessary gear, such as binoculars for spotting squirrels from a distance and a shotgun for quick, accurate shots. Understanding the seasonal rotation of squirrel food sources, like acorns and hickory nuts, can help you anticipate where squirrels are likely to be feeding. Always follow local regulations and wear fluorescent orange clothing to ensure a safe and successful hunt. With thorough scouting and preparation, you’ll be well-equipped for a productive day in the woods.
Late Season Hunting Challenges
Late-season squirrel hunting presents unique challenges that require additional attention and strategy. As the season progresses, squirrel activity tends to decrease, and the weather can become harsher. However, with the right approach, you can still enjoy a successful hunt.
One key to late-season hunting is to focus on areas with reliable food sources, such as oak and hickory trees that still have nuts. Squirrels will be drawn to these areas as other food sources become scarce. Additionally, pay attention to den trees and nests, as squirrels will spend more time in these shelters during colder weather.
Dress warmly and be prepared for changing conditions. Layering your clothing and wearing insulated, waterproof boots can help you stay comfortable during long hours in the woods. Patience is essential, as squirrels may be less active and more cautious later in the season. By adapting your tactics and staying persistent, you can overcome the challenges of late-season hunting and enjoy the rewards of this timeless pursuit.
Gear for Pennsylvania Squirrel Hunting
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Firearms: .22 rifles are excellent for precision shots. Small-gauge shotguns like 20 or 16 gauge are great for close-range action in thicker woods. Precision shots are crucial for cleanly hitting the hind legs of squirrels, which is important for proper cleaning and processing.
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Clothing: Dress in layers for fluctuating temperatures, and blaze orange is required when hunting small game.
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Footwear: Durable, quiet hiking boots that handle rocky and uneven terrain well.
Meat Care and Handling
Field dress squirrels promptly to maintain meat quality, especially during warm early-season days. It is important to notice any signs of spoilage during meat handling to ensure safety. Clean game bags and skinning tools help preserve the meat. Young squirrels are preferred for frying due to their tenderness, making them ideal for various cooking preparations. Always cook squirrel meat thoroughly to a safe internal temperature.
Conclusion
Squirrel hunting in Pennsylvania is a timeless pursuit rooted in tradition and rich natural beauty. Whether still-hunting along a ridgetop oak flat or sitting quietly under a towering beech tree, hunters will find endless opportunities across the Keystone State’s forests. It’s an accessible, exciting way to experience the outdoors and build foundational hunting skills.
FAQs
What license do I need to hunt squirrels in Pennsylvania?
A valid Pennsylvania hunting license is required.
When does squirrel season open in Pennsylvania?
Typically mid-September, with a brief closure during deer season, and then continuing into February.
What guns are best for squirrel hunting?
.22 rifles for precision and 20 or 16 gauge shotguns for close-range shots.
Where can I find public land for squirrel hunting?
State Game Lands, State Forests, and Allegheny National Forest provide extensive public access.
Is blaze orange required?
Yes, blaze orange is required when hunting small game.
What time of day is best for hunting squirrels?
Early mornings and late afternoons are the most productive.
How should I care for squirrel meat?
Field dress promptly, cool quickly, and cook thoroughly.
Are squirrels abundant in Pennsylvania?
Yes, particularly in mature hardwood forests with strong mast crops.
Can I hunt squirrels with a dog?
Yes, hunting squirrels with trained dogs is allowed and can be very effective.
Is squirrel hunting beginner-friendly?
Yes, squirrel hunting is an excellent way for new hunters to learn woodsmanship and shooting skills.
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