A Diverse Landscape for Bird Hunters
Colorado offers a unique blend of upland bird habitats spread across its varied terrain, from high plains and rolling prairies to river bottoms and foothills. While the state is better known for its big game opportunities, upland bird hunting remains a hidden gem for those who know where to look. Whether you’re pursuing the fast-flying bobwhite quail, the cagey dusky grouse, the greater sage grouse, or the hearty pheasant, Colorado has plenty to offer for bird hunters looking to cover ground, work dogs, and experience some solitude away from the crowds. The Rocky Mountains provide diverse habitats that are crucial for the survival of various upland bird species, enhancing the hunting experience.
Species You Can Pursue
Upland hunters in Colorado have several species to choose from, each offering a different challenge and preferred habitat. Greater prairie chickens are notable for their unique courtship behavior, specifically their complex lekking displays, which attract females and are crucial for breeding. Pheasant are the most popular, especially in the northeastern and eastern plains where agricultural land and CRP fields provide ideal cover. Scaled quail and northern bobwhite quail can be found farther south, often near brushy draws and canyon country, with northern bobwhite quail primarily located east of the Rocky Mountains. Chukar prefer rocky and grassland habitats that are challenging for hunters, and there are ongoing conservation efforts to introduce more chukar populations in various regions. Dusky (formerly blue) grouse live in higher elevation aspen groves and mixed conifer forests, particularly on the western slope. White-tailed ptarmigan offer a truly alpine hunt above timberline for those willing to hike into remote terrain.
Best Regions to Hunt
The northeastern part of the state near towns like Holyoke, Sterling, and Yuma consistently produces good pheasant numbers, thanks to extensive farmland and access programs. The front range is a significant area for hunting chukar and dusky grouse. Southeastern Colorado around La Junta and Trinidad holds scaled quail and bobwhite populations, particularly where sagebrush meets broken terrain. Western Colorado is a prime location for upland bird hunting, especially for chukar partridge, due to its rugged terrain and varied habitats. The northern regions of Colorado are where ruffed grouse are primarily located. For dusky grouse, the Grand Mesa, Flat Tops, and San Juan Mountains are known for producing reliable flushes at higher elevations. Ptarmigan hunters focus on high-altitude basins in places like the Collegiate Peaks and Mount Zirkel Wilderness, typically in early fall before snow shuts down access.
Public Land and Access Programs
Colorado offers a wealth of public land hunting opportunities, but for upland hunters, access is often enhanced by the state’s Walk-In Access Program. This program opens private agricultural land to public hunting and is especially valuable for pheasant hunters in the eastern counties. Game farms play a crucial role in breeding and releasing upland game birds like the Chukar and ring-necked pheasant, which are often found in these hunting areas. State Wildlife Areas and National Forest lands also provide good access, particularly for grouse and ptarmigan. Always check seasonal restrictions and access rules, as some areas may have closures or unique regulations during certain times of the year. An active hunting or fishing license is required to access Colorado's State Wildlife Areas.
Scouting and Habitat Knowledge
Understanding habitat is key to success. The ideal habitat for chukar partridge is characterized by steep, grassy hillsides, rocky outcroppings, and abundant non-native cheatgrass, which serves as a primary food source. Pheasants prefer thick grass, cattails, and grain stubble near water or dense cover. Quail often use brushy edges, draws, and open woodlands. Grouse favor transition zones between meadows and timber at mid to high elevations. Ptarmigan stick to alpine tundra and rocky slopes above the treeline. Scouting ahead of time helps identify feeding areas, roosting cover, and places with less human pressure. Early mornings and late afternoons are often the most productive times for bird movement, as diverse habitats enable birds to escape from predators.
Working Dogs in Colorado Terrain
A good bird dog can be your biggest asset in Colorado’s varied upland country, especially when hunting game birds like sharp-tailed grouse and chukar partridge. The thrill of upland bird hunting with dogs lies in the camaraderie and the excitement of tracking game in rugged terrains. Pointing breeds do well in open areas and can locate birds in sparse cover, while flushing breeds shine in thicker, brushier environments. Dogs must be conditioned for elevation and long days in the field. Carry plenty of water, use protective gear like vests and booties when needed, and watch for signs of fatigue. Wild birds in Colorado often run before flushing, so steady handling and controlled movement are key.
Gear and Shotgun Setup
Expect to walk a lot in all types of terrain during various bird hunts, so durable boots and weather-appropriate clothing are critical. Engaging in upland bird hunting connects you to the outdoors, presenting physical challenges across diverse terrains. Layers that manage sweat and wind help in the mountains, while breathable gear is ideal on the plains. For shotguns, a 12- or 20-gauge with improved cylinder or modified choke is suitable for most upland birds. Carry extra shells, a bird vest, and tools for field care. Binoculars can help in spotting habitat and movement, especially when chasing birds in larger or more open areas.
Licensing and Regulations
All hunters must carry a valid small game license and a habitat stamp to pursue upland birds in Colorado. Season dates and bag limits vary by species and region, and hunters must adhere to the daily bag limit specified in the current Colorado Parks and Wildlife small game brochure. Unlike upland bird hunting, big game hunting involves strategic tracking of larger animals like deer and elk, often on public land, and presents unique physical and financial challenges. Blaze orange is recommended, especially during overlapping big game seasons. Be mindful of fire restrictions, access boundaries, and landowner rights when hunting private or leased ground through the Walk-In Access Program.
Conclusion
Upland bird hunting in Colorado rewards preparation, persistence, and a love for wide-open country. From the flat plains of the east to the alpine ridges of the west, there’s a different kind of bird hunt waiting for every type of hunter. With strong public access, varied species, and beautiful landscapes, Colorado stands as an underrated but rewarding destination for those willing to explore its upland opportunities. Bring your boots, your dog, and your map—you just might find your new favorite hunt.
FAQs
What upland birds can I hunt in Colorado?
Common upland species include pheasant, bobwhite quail, scaled quail, dusky grouse, white-tailed ptarmigan, greater sage grouse, and greater prairie chicken.
Where are the best places to hunt pheasant?
The northeastern counties, particularly around Holyoke, Yuma, and Sterling, are prime locations for pheasant hunting.
Do I need a license to hunt upland birds in Colorado?
Yes, a small game license and a habitat stamp are required for all upland bird hunters in the state.
Is public land available for bird hunting?
Yes, Colorado offers access through State Wildlife Areas, National Forests, and the Walk-In Access Program on private lands.
When is the upland bird season in Colorado?
Seasons vary by species but typically start in September or October and run through January. During summer, certain bird species, like the white-tailed ptarmigan, undergo seasonal plumage changes, transitioning from winter feathers to summer plumage that helps them blend with their surroundings.
Are bird dogs helpful in Colorado?
Absolutely. A well-trained dog greatly increases your chances and can cover more ground efficiently in various terrains.
What shotgun should I bring?
A 12- or 20-gauge with improved cylinder or modified choke is effective for most upland birds in Colorado.
Can non-residents hunt upland birds in Colorado?
Yes, non-residents can buy small game licenses and participate in upland seasons across the state.
What is the best time of day to hunt?
Early mornings and late afternoons are typically when birds are most active and easiest to find.
Do I need special gear for ptarmigan hunting?
Yes, hunting ptarmigan above timberline requires alpine hiking gear, layered clothing, and strong navigation skills.
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