Desert Hunts and Rugged Coverts
Why New Mexico is a Quail Hunter’s Gem
New Mexico stands out as a prime upland bird destination in the Southwest, particularly for upland bird hunters chasing scaled quail and Gambel’s quail. With vast expanses of arid grasslands, sage flats, and mesquite-dotted draws, the state offers wide-open landscapes and challenging birds. Unlike the tighter cover of other quail states, New Mexico’s birds often flush at longer distances and require keen observation and smart footwork. For hunters who enjoy covering ground and testing their skills in scenic, rugged country, New Mexico delivers a memorable experience.
Bird Behavior and Preferred Habitat
Scaled quail, often called blue quail, prefer open country with scattered cover, such as yucca flats, desert grasslands, and dry washes. These birds are famous for running ahead of dogs and hunters, flushing in tight, explosive bursts when pressed. Gambel’s quail tend to inhabit thicker brush and are more common in southern New Mexico, often near arroyos and low desert thickets. Both species form coveys and are most active during the cooler hours of morning and late afternoon. Weather, drought, and food availability can affect bird distribution, so adaptability is key.
Licensing and Land Access
What You Need to Hunt
To hunt upland birds in New Mexico, you’ll need a valid hunting license and an upland game bird validation. It is also crucial to be aware of the daily bag limit, which specifies the maximum number of certain game birds, such as dusky grouse and southwestern quail, that hunters are allowed to harvest each day during the hunting season. Licenses are available for residents and nonresidents and can be purchased online or in person. The season usually begins in mid-November and runs into February. Bag limits and legal hunting areas are published each year by the New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, and it’s important to consult the latest regulations before planning your hunt.
Public Land and Hunting Opportunities
New Mexico offers millions of acres of public land, including Bureau of Land Management parcels, state land trust areas, and national forests. Scaled quail hunting is particularly good on BLM lands in central and southeastern parts of the state. Deming is also a notable area for hunting scaled quail. Gambel’s quail are more concentrated near the southern border. Preseason scouting and the use of GPS mapping apps can help identify access points, habitat transitions, and productive coverts. Private land hunting is also available in some regions with landowner permission.
Field Strategy and Dog Work
Finding the Birds
In dry, open country, focus on edges between grasslands and brush, areas near water sources, and zones with signs of bird activity such as dusting spots and droppings to find quail. Look for movement in the early morning, and hunt methodically across hillsides and flats. Because scaled quail often run, it’s helpful to work perpendicular to likely escape routes to corner birds before they flush. Gambel’s quail may be easier to locate by sound, especially when calling to regroup after being flushed.
Working Dogs in Arid Terrain
Dogs are a major asset in New Mexico, especially those with endurance and good noses for dry scenting conditions. The anticipation of the hunt fills these dogs with excitement, as they eagerly await action, embodying the thrill that comes just before the hunt begins. Pointing breeds are most common, though some hunters also use flushers effectively in thicker southern covers. Dogs must be well-conditioned for long hikes in the heat and carry their own hydration if possible. Bells or GPS collars help track movements in the wide-open spaces. Midday rests and shade breaks are essential, particularly in warmer weather.
Gear and Seasonal Planning
What to Bring
Clothing should be lightweight but durable—thorn-resistant pants, breathable long sleeves, and blaze orange caps help protect and maintain visibility. Setting up a camp is crucial for hunting trips, as it provides a base where essential preparations can be made and experiences shared. Waterproof boots aren’t necessary, but good ankle support is critical on rocky and uneven ground. A bird vest, hydration pack, and basic navigation tools are all musts. Bring plenty of water for both hunter and dog, and a first aid kit for unexpected injuries in remote terrain.
Best Times and Regions
Early season can be warm and birds scattered, but as winter progresses, coveys bunch up and become easier to pattern. Planning your hunting trips with only a week left in the season can create a sense of urgency to efficiently utilize your limited hunting days. Cold fronts often increase bird movement, especially in low-light periods. Southeastern New Mexico offers the most consistent scaled quail action, while southwestern canyons and brushlands are best for Gambel’s. Targeting transitions between cover types usually yields the most productive flushes.
Conclusion
Upland bird hunting in New Mexico is defined by vast spaces, rugged birds, and a slower, more methodical pace. It rewards hunters who embrace the challenge, respect the land, and rely on experience, scouting, and good dog work. Whether following a point through a cactus flat or watching a covey explode across open desert, the combined hunting opportunities, such as pursuing both quail and grouse, make the chase here as much about the adventure as it is the harvest. For those who enjoy wild birds in wild places, New Mexico is a worthy destination.
FAQs
What species of quail can I hunt in New Mexico?
Scaled quail and Gambel’s quail are the two main upland game birds available during the season.
Mearn's quail, known for their distinctive black and white facial markings, are also a popular species among hunters.
Do I need any special licenses?
Yes, a valid hunting license and upland game bird validation are required for all hunters. Additionally, hunters must be aware of the possession limit, which specifies the maximum number of birds that can be legally possessed after the hunt is over.
When does the season start?
The quail season generally begins in mid-November and runs through early February. In New Mexico, many hunters plan their trips around specific dates in December (dec) to take advantage of peak hunting conditions.
Where should I hunt for scaled quail?
Look to central and southeastern parts of the state, especially BLM lands with open terrain and scattered brush. The eastern side of New Mexico, particularly after recent rains, offers favorable climatic conditions for quail production, making it a noteworthy destination for hunters.
Where are Gambel’s quail found?
They are most commonly found in the southern part of the state, especially in brushy, low-elevation habitats.
The Organ Mountains, located in southern New Mexico, are a prime region for hunting Gambel’s quail due to their diverse terrain and abundant cover.
Are bird dogs necessary?
While not required, bird dogs are extremely helpful, especially in large or arid environments with scattered birds.
What kind of gear is recommended?
Sturdy boots, breathable clothing, hydration packs, GPS tools, blaze orange gear, and dog supplies.
Is public land available?
Yes, New Mexico offers millions of acres of public land suitable for upland bird hunting.
When is the best time to hunt?
Early mornings and late afternoons during cooler weather tend to offer the best bird movement.
Are guided hunts available?
Yes, particularly in regions with strong populations and large ranches that offer access and local knowledge.
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