Over and Under vs Side by Side Shotguns for Waterfowl Hunting

When it comes to waterfowl hunting, selecting the right shotgun is a key part of ensuring success in the field. Two popular choices among hunters are the over-and-under (O/U) and side-by-side (SxS) shotguns. Both designs have distinct features and benefits, making each suited to different types of hunting experiences. Understanding the differences between these two types of shotguns, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each, can help you decide which is the best fit for your waterfowl hunting needs.

Choosing the Right Style for Waterfowl

The over-and-under shotgun features two barrels stacked on top of each other, one above the other. This design has been a favorite among waterfowl hunters for many years, especially for those who value versatility, quick follow-up shots, and precision.

Advantages of Over-and-Under Shotguns

• Versatility in Shell Selection: One of the biggest advantages of an O/U shotgun is the ability to shoot two different types of shells. The barrels can be loaded with different chokes or even different gauges, allowing hunters to adjust for different hunting conditions. For example, a hunter might load one barrel with a tighter choke for longer shots and the other with a more open choke for closer, faster shots.

• Quick Follow-Up Shots: The over-and-under design allows hunters to quickly and smoothly take a second shot, which is a huge benefit when hunting fast-moving waterfowl. With the barrels stacked vertically, the shooter’s eye is aligned with both the barrels, allowing for a smoother transition from the first shot to the follow-up shot. The single sighting plane of over-and-under shotguns aids in this quick follow-up by reducing visual obstruction and enhancing focus on the target.

• Precision and Accuracy: O/U shotguns are known for their high level of precision. The alignment of the barrels helps with shot consistency, especially for hunters who prioritize accuracy when targeting waterfowl. Many hunters find that this design provides a cleaner, more precise shot, which is especially beneficial for more experienced shooters.

• Balance and Handling: Over-and-under shotguns tend to offer a great balance. The vertical barrel configuration makes the shotgun easier to point and shoulder, particularly for hunters who need to make quick, instinctive shots. The weight is evenly distributed, allowing for smoother handling during fast-paced hunts.

Disadvantages of Over-and-Under Shotguns

• Cost: O/U shotguns are typically more expensive than their side-by-side counterparts. This can make them less accessible for budget-conscious hunters, especially those who may not shoot frequently or are new to waterfowl hunting.

• Heavier Weight: While the balance of an O/U is usually ideal, the overall weight can be heavier compared to a SxS shotgun. This can become tiring during long hunts, especially when walking or carrying the shotgun for extended periods.

• Limited Shell Capacity: Most O/U shotguns are limited to two shells, one in each barrel. For hunters who prefer a shotgun with a larger capacity, this can be a downside, especially in situations where rapid follow-up shots may be needed.

The Side-by-Side Double Barrel Shotgun

The side-by-side shotgun, often referred to as 'side by sides,' features two barrels placed next to each other, rather than stacked on top of one another. This design is often associated with more traditional, classic shotguns and is favored by some waterfowl hunters for its nostalgia and simplicity.

Advantages of Side-by-Side Shotguns

• Classic Aesthetic: For many hunters, the side-by-side shotgun is iconic, offering a more traditional and nostalgic experience. The side-by-side design often appeals to hunters who value craftsmanship, history, and a more personal connection to their firearm.

• Balance and Comfort: Like the O/U, the SxS shotgun can offer good balance and a comfortable fit. The side-by-side configuration provides a wider stance, which some shooters find more comfortable. For hunters who prefer a more natural shooting posture, the SxS design can feel more intuitive.

• Simplicity: The side-by-side shotgun is often simpler in design than the O/U, with fewer moving parts. Double triggers allow for quick barrel selection, enabling hunters to adapt swiftly to different hunting situations. This can make it easier to clean and maintain, which is a huge benefit for hunters who spend a lot of time in the field.

• Lower Cost: Generally speaking, side-by-side shotguns tend to be more affordable than over-and-under models, especially when comparing similar levels of craftsmanship. For hunters on a budget, a side-by-side may offer a more accessible entry point into quality waterfowl hunting firearms.

Disadvantages of Side-by-Side Shotguns

• Less Quick Follow-Up Shots: The side-by-side configuration doesn’t allow for the same quick follow-up shots as the O/U. The barrels are placed next to each other, which may make it more difficult to swing the shotgun from one shot to the next, especially on fast-moving birds. Hunters may find they miss opportunities for a second shot when the birds are moving quickly. However, double trigger systems can sometimes mitigate this issue by allowing quick barrel selection.

• Accuracy and Precision: While SxS shotguns can be very accurate, the horizontal barrel placement can sometimes cause less consistent shots than the vertical alignment of an O/U. The spread of the shot may be slightly wider, making it harder to land precise shots.

• Recoil: With the barrels side by side, recoil may be more noticeable, especially with heavier loads. This can be less comfortable for some hunters, particularly when shooting larger waterfowl or if the gun isn’t properly fitted to the shooter.

• Limited Flexibility: Side-by-side shotguns usually feature fixed chokes, meaning there is less flexibility to adjust for varying hunting conditions. While some models allow for interchangeable chokes, they are still generally less versatile than the O/U shotgun, which can be loaded with different shells in each barrel.

Which Waterfowl Shotgun is Better for Hunting?

Choosing between an over-and-under, side-by-side, or double gun shotgun depends largely on personal preference, budget, and hunting style. For hunters who prioritize precision, quick follow-up shots, and versatility, the over-and-under shotgun is likely the better choice. It offers a higher level of performance, especially in fast-paced hunting scenarios, and is ideal for more experienced shooters who value accuracy and consistency.

When you hunt ducks, different shotguns perform uniquely, with some hunters preferring the classic side-by-side for its traditional feel and others opting for modern designs for their advanced features.

On the other hand, the side-by-side shotgun is perfect for hunters who appreciate the traditional aesthetic, simplicity, and affordability. It is often favored by hunters who enjoy a more relaxed hunting experience and value the nostalgic feel of a classic design. While it may not offer the same quick follow-up shot capability or precision as the O/U, it can still be a highly effective waterfowl shotgun, especially for those who prefer a slower, more deliberate pace.

Conclusion

Both the over-and-under and side-by-side shotguns are excellent choices for waterfowl hunting, each with its own set of strengths and weaknesses. The over-and-under is the more modern, versatile option, offering better accuracy, quicker follow-up shots, and flexibility in shell selection. The side-by-side, while more traditional, offers simplicity, affordability, and a comfortable feel for many hunters. Ultimately, the best shotgun for waterfowl hunting is the one that suits your hunting style, preferences, and budget. 

FAQs

Which shotgun has the best accuracy for waterfowl hunting?

Over-and-under shotguns are generally considered more accurate due to their vertical barrel alignment, which helps with shot consistency. However, side-by-side shotguns can still be accurate, particularly in the hands of a skilled shooter. Practicing with sporting clays can improve accuracy with both over-and-under and side-by-side shotguns.

Are side-by-side shotguns more affordable than over-and-under shotguns?

Yes, side-by-side shotguns are typically more affordable than over-and-under shotguns, especially when comparing models with similar craftsmanship and features. Additionally, using light loads in side-by-side shotguns can enhance performance by reducing recoil, making them a cost-effective choice for both competitive shooting and waterfowling.

Which shotgun is better for a quick second shot?

Over-and-under shotguns are better for quick follow-up shots due to their vertical barrel configuration, which allows for smoother transitions between shots. Additionally, many over-and-under shotguns are equipped with a single trigger system, facilitating even quicker follow-up shots.

Can I use different chokes in each barrel of an over-and-under shotgun?

Yes, one of the advantages of over-and-under shotguns is the ability to use different chokes in each barrel, giving hunters flexibility in adjusting to different shooting scenarios.

Is recoil more noticeable in a side-by-side shotgun?

Yes, side-by-side shotguns tend to have more noticeable recoil, particularly with larger loads. This can be a factor to consider if you’re sensitive to recoil or if you’ll be shooting larger waterfowl.